Canadian Oil Sands

Slide 1 petroleum colour smoothen be found in about 70 countries in the world, from Venezuela and Trinidad/Tobago in the Caribbean to as furthest north as Russia. By far, the chief(prenominal) deposits atomic number 18 entertained deep down Cretaceous rocks of Venezuela and Canada, and among these, the largest is the Athabasca oil sands of northeast Alberta. fossil oil sands consist of bitumen (soluble fundamental matter, solid at manner temperature) and host sediment, with associated minerals, and excluding any link up graphic gas. How to get the oil/ record learning of the Canadian oil sands industry has a history of everyplace 90 years. In 1913, Sidney Ells organized the first electron sports stadium parties to work on the oil sands, hauling out over 9 tons of oil sands by scows up the Athabasca River valley. Today, near Fort McMurray, oil sands are aged in open-pit mines by truck-and-shovel operations, in which the worlds largest Caterpillar 797 and 797 B trucks have payloads of 380 tons. Oil sand is transported to processing plants, where hot or warm peeing separates the bitumen from the sand, followed by dilution with lighter hydrocarbons and upgrading to SCO - a mixture of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons.

About 20% of the oil sands reserves in Alberta are recoverable by surface mining; in-situ technologies need to be used for the remaining 80% of the oil sands that are buried at depth (>75 m). Oil littoral zone Recovery The oil sands of Alberta are unconsolidated, held together by the pore-filling bitumen. The bitumen is a natural, tar-like mixture of h ydrocarbons, that when heated has a consiste! ncy of molasses. In its natural state, bitumen (density range of 8° to 12° API; at room temperature viscousness >50,000 centipoises) will not flow to a wellbore. In Alberta opposite heavy oil in sand is to a fault considered as oil sands if located within the oil sand application program areas. heretofore because the pore-fluid is heavy oil and will flow to a well, these deposits are referred to as primary in-situ crude bitumen. The major repugn of...If you compliments to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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